I'm Nicole Lappin, the only financial expert you don't need a dictionary to understand. It's time for some money rehab. Well, every investing portfolio is different. At the most zoomed-out view, most portfolios are just a mix of stocks and bonds. But what that mix should be depends on your financial picture and your financial goals. Today, I'm We're talking to a very, very special guest, Morgan, our producer. Morgan has never invested in bonds and isn't sure if she actually should, even though she's been listening to many, many episodes about them. I give her the framework to allocate her portfolio that you can use, too. Plus, we also go through steps of buying a bond together. So if you're a bond newbie as well, or if you just want to learn my favorite way to buy bonds, you can follow along. So let's get into it. Morgan, I'm very excited to say, welcome to Money Rehab.

Thank you so much. Happy to be here.

Long-time listener.

A second-time caller?

I don't know.

Third-time caller? I was going to say I think more than that.

Are you ready to talk about bonds?

I think so.

Yeah, bond girl. All right, before we dive in, I actually want to test a theory that I have. What do you think when you think about bonds?

So I have heard you talk about bonds, but I just think that they're so boring. When I picture a bond, I picture the treasury bonds, I think, or iBonds or gift bonds. I don't know. Bonds that my grandfather gave me when I was born that haven't even matured yet, and they're worth maybe $50. And I just remember learning that I had gotten them because I was a baby, small wee baby, when I got them from him. But then learning that I had these, I was like, okay, wish it was a bike or an ice cream cone, but okay.

It's just boring. It's a long time, Morgan. You are 12 years old, so give it a few more years. But yes, you are totally proving my theory here. Bonds have gotten the worst wrapped in recent years. But truly, it is my mission to bring some sexy back to bonds because every expert will tell you that bonds are a critical part of any investor's portfolio. So have you invested in any bonds before? It sounds like grandpa has, but you haven't.

I haven't purchased them myself. I've invested in some stocks, so I have invested before, but I haven't bought any bonds.

Okay. Not only have you invested in stocks, but somebody has a six-figure portfolio, ma'am.

Good memory. I do. I do. Thanks to money rehab.

Can we have insert sound effect, please.

Totally. I can do that. I can do that in post. Excellent.

So how would you generally rate your appetite for risk? Being the before mentioned 12 years old that you are, you have a lot of time. So are you a risk it for the biscuit investor or is how you were brought up something that makes you more of a slow and steady investor?

I would say I'm probably somewhere in the middle. The first time I ever invested, it when I was at the company and I had a 401k. And so they tell you there's a sliding scale where you can rate your risk appetite. And I put it three quarters of the way to risky because the idea of all or nothing definitely makes me nervous. But I feel like I've been listening to money rehab. I have a long time horizon. I'm not planning on touching this money for a while. And so if it goes down a little bit in the meantime, that's okay. That It's how I feel about it, but I just don't want it to go to zero.

Nobody does. You and me both. So you know this by hearing way too much of my voice. I do not wish that on anybody else. But for any listener who needs a little refresher on bonds. Bonds are basically like an I owe you. But instead of you owing someone something, you're the one who is lending that money out, and you will be then repaid for that money plus interest. A big draw for investors when it comes to bond investing is that you have a pretty good sense of how much you're going to get at the end, which is your yield, depending on what bond you're actually investing in. This is a big part compared to something like the stock market, for example, where you might invest in a cool tech company, and that tech company might quadruple in value, or the tech company might go bankrupt and you lose everything. There's more ambiguity around what you'll gain or lose with stocks. But with bonds, there is typically Probably a set interest rate, so you can easily figure out how much money you're going to make by the time the bond fully matures. Does that make sense?

Yeah, that makes sense. That makes sense. And I do like the idea of having a better sense of what I'm actually going to get from the investment. So that makes sense in that. I like that. I like the sound of that.

We like certainty around here.

Certainly.

Yeah, there she is. There are many types of bonds. You rattled off a few. I'm going to stick to federal government bonds for this episode, also known as US Treasuries, because they're a big part of the bond ecosystem. Investment advisors typically talk about bonds being super safe, and US Treasuries, one of the safest bonds out there because those treasuries are backed by the US government. I invest in both stocks and bonds because I like to diversify and have different levels of risk in my portfolio.

So what's your risk profile then? Would you say? Oh, as a fellow twelve-year-old.

Well, I am 13, so I don't have as much time as you do. But I do like to keep probably 75% in equities or stocks, and maybe about 25%, that would make sense, or maybe a little bit less in bonds. But bonds are killing it right now. Interest rates are up. So when interest Interest rates go up, bond yields go up, too. And I like yield. That means money.

We like money. Great. We like that.

Sign me up. I'm trying. How do you think about your investing strategy right now? Are you doing some dollar cost averaging vibes? No.

I'm not.

You find a dollar on the floor, you invest it, maybe.

Yeah. I would say it is a little hapazard. I do have some I do have some money going from my paycheck to, and thanks for that, thanks for that paycheck, by the way. I do automatically invest a certain amount of my paycheck every month, and I just have it go into S&P 500 Index funds. And then sometimes I'll get a wave of inspiration and be like, I'm going to do something a little bit different and read a little bit more about other things to invest in, or I'll do the opposite and I'll have some money just sitting in my brokerage account but not invested. So I would say it is just a little a passage all around. Okay, so you are Not 12 years old.

I know this is breaking news, but you are wearing a Forbes 30 Under 30, yay, sweatshirt. Thank you. So you are under 30.

I am.

I'm 28. You are 28, to be exact. So As a starting point, you'll get the advice to invest your age in bonds. So what does that mean? That would be your age in a percentage more accurately. It would be 28 % of your overall portfolio in bonds, and then the rest, so 72 % in stocks. What I would tell any money rehabber to do, though, is to not take one size fits all advice. You should put your financial strategy together based on you, your specific goals. So let's do a little exercise. What's a financial goal that you want to accomplish a year from now?

I would say around that time, I think, is when my fiance Jack and I want to have our wedding. And so I would like to have some money available to me to pay for that.

Am I invited?

Of course you're invited. Duh.

Yay. Okay. It will be the most glorious wedding. What about five years from now?

Five years from now, I don't really know if it'll make financial sense for me to buy a house, because I know that that's from listening to you. It's not the best move for everybody. There are benefits to renting, too. But maybe five years from now, I'd like to be in a position where I could consider buying a house, because right now, I couldn't even do that. That conversation would not go very far. But five years from now, I'd like to be able to look at Zillow, a real estate website, and see a house option that doesn't make me cry to see one and be like, I could maybe swing that. Okay, to be clear, you do live in New York City.

You do make a good amount of money.

No, it's true.

You could buy a house, to clarify, in a lot of places. You could buy a house in New York, probably not a house that you would want.

I don't know. Houses are so expensive in New York, but- But in Maine, you could for sure buy all the houses. In Maine, I could buy a house. Yes, yes. Okay.

20 years from now.

Well, Jack wants to have three kids. Oh my God. Yeah. And I don't know about that, but one, to start, sounds good. So in 20 years, whatever family we have, and If we have kids, I'd like us to be comfortable. I'd like to be able to go on vacations together. And if they want to go to college, I'd like them to be able to have them. I'm saying them. He's totally incepting me into having three kids.

They, one kid maybe or whatever. You're the boss of that.

I'm the boss. For a lot of people in my family, if they looked at college, How much financial aid they would get was a really big consideration in terms of which college they would end up at. I'd like that to be less of a factor for my kids. That would be a goal in 20 years, I'd say.

I love that goal. Thanks. And I try to keep my goals in mind, too. As I'm investing, it just keeps me more motivated because then you have a why behind what you're doing. Otherwise, it just feels like a big kid version of the bike or the ice cream or a thing that you wanted instead of having a dumb, boring bond. So keeping those goals in mind, I think, is really important to keep you going.

Yeah, that makes a lot of sense. And I never really thought about this very much. Haven't talked about it with my partner either. So that would probably be a good next step.

Wait, which part did you not talk to Jack about?

Goals for money in five years, 20 years. He knows that we're getting married. He wants three kids.

He's the luckiest man ever. Of course he does. Okay, but you haven't talked about what does freedom or independence look like for us financially. And it's really good that You have a specific anecdote about college and not factoring in financial aid. That was a factor for you and your circle of friends when you were in high school. I think those specific things really help keep you motivated.

Yeah, Definitely. And I'd say we've talked in more broad terms about just how important financial responsibility is to both of us. And there was a moment where he was thinking about going to grad school, and then he wouldn't have an income. And what would that look like? And so we've talked about financial responsibility and us both having a responsibility to ourselves and each other to be financially responsible. But we haven't talked specifically about like, okay, Jack, you want to have three kids. That's a lot of money. That's going to be really expensive. Should we start saving for that? Do you want to buy a house in five years? What's that timeline for you? Those more specific timelines and goals and price tags we haven't talked about. Okay.

Well, something I think about, too, in addition to my goals, is also risk tolerance. And that's something that only you can answer for yourself. My risk tolerance is not going to be your risk tolerance and your risk tolerance might not be Jack's risk tolerance, and that's something that you might want to figure out. And they don't have to be the same. They just have to be compatible. But for short term goals, my risk tolerance, and I think most people's risk tolerance should be super low because if you need money, you don't want to lose it. All investing involves some risk, and I want to choose investments with lower risk if I'm going to need that money ASAP. That makes sense. But for my longer term goals, I personally am open to more risk because I have a longer time horizon to weather out the volatility and the ups and downs of the stock market. So thinking about what investment strategy you want to build around your goals, you said it. It is a wise phrase, goals have price tags. So when you figure out what that price tag is, you're going to want to take a hard look and figure out what your risk tolerance is going to be to get you to those goals.

That makes a lot of sense. Well, let's buy some bonds, shall we?

Cool.

So as you know, because I've talked about it a lot on the show and off the show, I only buy bonds on public. If you want to download the app, you can follow along. You can pull it up at public. Com/moneyrehab if you don't already have it already.

I already have it. You made me download it a long time ago.

It is prerequisite of improvement around here. So I know you haven't bought a bond before, of any kind. So I'm assuming no US Treasury. You haven't gone to treasurydirect. Gov, right? No. Let me just save you some time. It is a terrible, terrible interface. It looks like it was made during the dot-com bubble, and it should have just been left to burst in 2000. And it's so confusing. I feel like finance is confusing enough without the interface also being problematic.

Yeah, that's totally fair. Cold. That's cold to treasurydirect. Gov. But yes, I'm with you.

But public Public makes it really, really easy. So that's why I use Public. On Public, you can go to the Trade button, and then you'll see where you can pick Bonds. And there you can see where you can buy treasuries or corporate bonds. But once you go to Treasuries, you'll be able to compare different rates on different treasuries and then just pick the one you want. Something that I like about Public is that you can see how much you can expect to earn from the treasury you pick. This is really helpful because some treasuries are expressed in an annualized return So if you invest in a six-month treasury, they're in weeks, by the way, so that's 26 weeks, for example, you'll see the return for that treasury that was invested for 52 weeks or a year.

It's a very quick week math. I'm very nice.

I've been to this treasury rodeo before, Morgan. Because a 26-week treasury, our six-month treasury, matures in half the time of a yearly treasury or a 52-week treasury, you're going to get half of the annualized rate if you get one that's half the time. Does that make sense?

Yeah, that does make sense. I wouldn't have assumed that that's the way that it works.

Well, yes. Sometimes I see people who get a 26-week T-bill, and then they think they're going to get five whatever %, and then it matures in six months, and the five whatever % would have been if it matured in one year. You can roll it over and get that, but you don't get that after a shorter amount of time. That would be a super hack, but...

If only.

If only. So rather than getting your calculator out every single time you buy a bond, public is going to tell you how much you'll get if you keep the bond until maturity. So once you pick a bond, then you decide how much you want to invest. The cool thing about investing on public is that you can do fractional bond investing. So on treasury. Gov, for many types of treasuries, you can only invest in $100 multiples. So if you had a random amount of money, I don't know, $133, and you wanted to invest in bonds, you would be only able to invest $100 because that's the increment. But on public, you could buy in increments of $100, whatever, so that $133 investment would be possible.

All right. That's helpful. That's good to know because I think one of my action items after this is to be a little bit less haphazard with what I invest. And so I can figure out exactly what number I should be putting into bonds and knowing that I'll be able to take whatever that number is and actually invest that number is cool.

The coolest. How are you feeling right now? Are you ready? Confident?

I feel pretty good about it. I think it helps that I've been invested in stocks before. My very first investment ever was a little bit scary because I was like, what if all of this money goes away? But as you have said before on the show, if If the US government defaults on a treasury bond, we have bigger problems than my $133 treasury. So I don't feel as nervous as I did the first time I invested in stocks. And I feel good. It always feels good to feel like I'm doing something that is good for my future.

All right, so let's recap. You're going to think through your short term and your long term financial goals. You're going to maybe talk to Jack if he's lucky, about You're going to decide what investments will help you meet those goals, so reverse engineer from the goals and the time horizon, and what feels comfortable with your risk tolerance. And then you're going to decide what you want to contribute toward those bonds and then buy them on public. Obviously, we talk every five minutes, so you will definitely tell me how this goes.

Yeah. And if I don't, you will definitely ask me because you talk about public so much. It's so annoying. No problem.

Well, for today's If you want to take straight to the bank. If you want to invest in bonds, please don't make it hard on yourself. It is not that serious. Use Public, which, like I said, is truly the only place I personally go to buy bonds. And when you're on Public, you also see that you can invest in more than just bonds. Public has stocks, options, ETFs, even a high yield cash account where you can earn 5.1 % annual percentage yield on your cash currently. It is all of your investing needs in one place. Get started today, public. Com/moneyrehab.

This This is a paid endorsement for public investing. Full disclosures and conditions can be found in the podcast description.

Money Rehab is a production of Money News Network. I'm your host, Nicole Lappin. Money Rehab's executive producer is Morgan LaVoy. Our researcher is Emily Holmes. Do you need some money rehab? And let's be honest, we all do. So email us your moneyquestions, moneyrehab@moneynewsnetwork. Com, to potentially have your questions answered on the show or even have a one-on-one intervention with me. And follow on Instagram @moneynews, and TikTok @moneynewsnetwork for exclusive video content. And lastly, thank you. No, seriously, thank you. Thank you for listening and for investing in yourself, which is the most important investment you can make.